I've also wondered if the more formalized path of career progression in medicine and law has made it easier to reform the fields for better inclusiveness.

That's very interesting, can you provide a source for that?

In the 1970s, there were a spate of class-action lawsuits that lead to court-supervised changes in firm hiring practices, and in some cases express quotas: https://biglawbusiness.com/decades-old-gender-bias-case-mark...; https://www.nytimes.com/1977/05/08/archives/top-law-firm-ban....

At least as long as I can recall, the express goal of the ABA, etc., has been proportional representation and equal compensation, not merely some abstract commitment to "gender blindness." See ABA recommendations: https://www.americanbar.org/content/dam/aba/administrative/w.... Statistics are tracked and some firms have made express commitments: http://fortune.com/2017/08/30/the-mansfield-rule-lawyers-div...; https://www.law.com/dailyreportonline/2018/06/07/eversheds-s....