- channel efficiency metrics in signals

- CapEx, OpEx, Effective Throughput (bits/time), Propagation Latency,

- (Cost_carbon + (Cost_kerosene||Cost_methane||Cost_hydrogen) + Cost_debris_atmosphere + Cost_debris_orbital + Cost_atmospheric_drag + Cost_jetstream_breakdown + Cost_atmospheric_heat)

- Total Cost per Exabyte-Kilometer ($/Exabyte-km)

- Total Cost per bit km