I’ve had the exact opposite experience as a full-stack dev: backend code generally has a more or less straight-through code path from the request handler to the response, on the front-end a user can be interrupting your processes at any moment.
Probably depends on scale. I think front end is the harder part of getting something decent working while backend is the harder part of getting it working well under load.
Yep this is the point. Back-end for sure is simpler if you are not operating at any meaningful scale. As soon as you start tackling the problems mentioned in my OP, things get (much) harder.