Well, At first semantic UI is a UI library which helps in providing pre-built UI components. React and Angular are Frontend frameworks, which helps in performance and code modularity. Photoshop is a photo editor, although people used to make layouts with it long ago,,, not anymore, instead people are using Sketch. You can of course code the logic using plain simple JS, HTML, CSS and you can make widgets as well, unless you mean desktop widgets - for that you need electron.
I see. Thanks. Can you suggest the quickest and most relevant learning path if I define what I seek more precisely? My relevant experience includes building WinForms apps in VisualStudio (where you just drop a widget on a form, click it and code what it does) and writing simple websites with vanilla HTML+CSS+JS. I've also tried some WPF and loved the MVVM model (AFAIK Angular is somewhat close to it but I also love functional programming so perhaps Reason-React or Elm can make a better choice) but didn't stick with it as I want my apps to run everywhere. I'd like to build a desktop-like (but reasonably webish-looking, responsive and mobile-friendly) single-page app that would be hosted on a static hosting, work in a browser and interact with the world by means of web services (some provided by 3rd parties, some coded myself in Python) and browser APIs. The idea of using a graphics editor like Photoshop or whatever to draw my UI scares the hell out of me, I want all the look&feel pre-designed "out of the box" the way it is in desktop widget toolkits like Qt. I've once studied Bootstrap and it seemed like a toolkit that can make the kind of UIs I want but I feel like I should probably pick up a modern SPA framework like React or Angular rather than code vanilla JS if I want to build a reasonably complex application.
anvil.works seems awesome but its widgets selection is too humble, it doesn't even have tree view to the date (but they've said they are going to add it later AFAIK). I'll explore the others from the list. Thanks!