Can you elaborate why I would want to use a service like codeanywhere instead of usual git workflow through my terminal app? Is this aimed at people who don't use laptops, those who don't use a DVCS?
You still ca use GIT and your terminal inside of Codeanywhere. We actually encourage you to use them, if you connect with your GitHub or Bitbucket account, Codeanywhere will list all your repos, so you can spin up a environment with them in just a couple of seconds.
Codeanywhere is an Editor just like Sublime, Atom and so on. It's just available everywhere and just how you configured an left it.